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How to protect yourself from the urethra cancer without side effects
urethral cancer
Urethra is a tube which carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Length of about 1.5 established the women and about 8 inches in men. In men undergoing prostate gland and then channel the penis out of the body, as well as through which semen.
Urethra cancer is the growth and multiplication of abnormal cells, tissues urinary channel is not subject to natural control mechanisms in the body, which can spread quickly to other areas with the progress of the case forming like a cluster nearby lymph, lungs, bones and liver.
Contents :
1 - Symptoms
2 - Risk factors
3 - Complications
4 - Diagnosis
5 - Treatment
6 - Prevention
Information
Most diagnosed with cancer aged urethra: the advanced age of 60 years and older.
1 - Symptoms :
* The flow of blood in the urine (hematuria) or hematoma bleeding from the urinary tract.
* Weak or interrupted flow of urine.
* Increase the number of times urination (frequency).
* Tumor or lump in the penis or perineum perineum (which is the area between the genitals and anus).
* Discharge from the urinary tract.
* Swollen lymph nodes in the groin area.
2 - Risk factors :
* Gender: Women are more affected than men.
* Date of patients with cancer of the urinary bladder.
* Chronic inflammation of the urethra: such as sexually transmitted infections, and urinary tract infections.
* Age: 60 years or more.
* Ethnicity: White (white woman).
3 - Complications :
Complications of the surgery :
* Recovery from surgery takes a long time varies from person to person.
* A feeling of fatigue and general weakness for a while.
Complications of radiation therapy :
Vary depending on the irradiated dose therapy area, including :
* Feeling very tired.
* Redness and dryness of the skin in the irradiated area.
* Vomiting, nausea and diarrhea.
* Problems with urination.
* Immunocompromised and increase the likelihood of infection.
Complications of chemotherapy :
* Hair loss .
* The impact on the blood-producing cells which can lead to anemia, bleeding, bruising, or infection.
* Vomiting, nausea and diarrhea.
* Ulceration of the mouth and lips.
* Anorexia .
* Immunocompromised and increase the likelihood of infection.
* feeling exhausted .
Diagnosis :
* Examination of my body: the vital signs and any other symptoms including the emergence of a tumor.
* Analyzes and laboratory tests: Samples of blood, urine or other substances in the body.
* Urinary sample to check cells (Urine cytology): examine microscopically
* Urinalysis: to check the color of urine and components (sugar, proteins, blood, white blood cells).
* Farm for Paul: If increased urine analysis showed the number of white blood cells.
* Rectal examination (Digital rectal examination): a manual scan of the anus and rectum.
* Pelvic examination: vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and rectum by the doctor.
* Binoculars on the bladder (Cystoscope): is inserted from the urethra to the bladder and through
which to take a tissue sample to be tested.
* Tissue samples (Biopsy): The doctor to withdraw a tissue sample from the urinary tract, urinary bladder and sometimes the prostate through the needle to be examined microscopically.
To determine the stage of cancer are some additional tests work :
* X-rays (X-Ray) on the chest.
* X-sectional: (CT) on the pelvis and abdomen
* Magnetic resonance beams (MRI): To determine the stage of cancer spread.
* Some analyzes of blood chemistry.
* Complete blood count (CBC).
Treatment :
Adopts the possibility of healing (prognosis) on the size and location of the tumor as well as the presence of the spread in other areas or not and on these grounds is assessed stage of the cancer, which is an essential part of the treatment. The division of cancer urethra into 5 stages (zero, 1.2, 3, and 4). As the selection of treatment also depends on:
- Cancer and tumor stage
- Sex and general health condition of the patient.
- Place the growth of cancer in the urethra
- The case of the disease's resurgence after treatment
It can cure the urethra cancer by surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, and can be combined with any of them.
Surgery :
There are multiple options for the treatment of cancer urine stream channel:
* Surgical resection: where are excised tumor surgically.
* Eradication electric shocks (Electro-resection with fulguration): lumpectomy is electrically customized tool used high electric current.
* Laser surgery: lumpectomy using a laser beam.
* The eradication of the lymph nodes: in the pelvis and thigh.
* Bladder and urethra eradicate (Cystourethrectomy).
* Eradication of bladder and prostate (Cystoprostatectomy).
* The eradication of the urethra, the urinary bladder and the vagina ± a cosmetic procedure to restructure the vagina (Anterior exenteration).
* Eradicate the part of the penis (partial penectomy): remove a portion of the penis from around the urethra ± cosmetic procedure for re-structuring of the penis.
* Eradicate radical rod (Radical penectomy): remove the entire penis ± a cosmetic procedure to restructure the penis.
In cases of eradication of the urethra is converted urinary track surgery (urinary diversion), and in cases of cystectomy is find somewhere else urine responsible storage (such as a portion of the small intestine) surgically, and the surgeon uses a portion of the small intestine to build the path of Paul connected to an opening on the surface skin (stoma) to allow the passage of urine out of the body to the replaceable bag and called this process (Ostomy) or (Urostomy).
Radiation Therapy (Radiotherapy) :
It is the cure for cancer that uses high-energy or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells X-rays. There are two types of radiation therapy and there are external type (external) via a dedicated machine or internal (internal) by injecting radioactive material inside the body in certain ways, depending on the tumor type and stage.
Watchful waiting (watchful waiting):
It is to follow the situation with a specialist doctor and the postponement of therapeutic intervention.
Chemotherapy (chemotherapy):
Is the cure for cancer that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or prevent them from dividing. There are two ways he can either treat general (systemic) orally or by intravenous or intramuscular to various parts of the body, or the treatment of a limited (regional), where up to the target area only.
Methods of prevention
There is no clear guidance on the methods of prevention, but it is important to avoid exposure to infection continuously urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases and maintain a healthy lifestyle through a balanced diet and physical activity appropriately.
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